Veshenka Ordinary (Oyster) - Pleurotus ostreatus - is the tree-destrictiv edible mushroom belongs to ecological group of mushrooms - xylophit. As substratum it uses weakened and dead leafs, brashwood, stubs, pack. Prefers to settle on deciduous breeds. They are various kinds of a poplar and willow, aspen, birch, horse-chestnut, lime-tree,beech, oak, elm, maple, acacia white and seldom on conifer. The places, where Veshenka Ordinary is meet, are characterised by rich condition for growth, sufficient humidity. The mushroom grows in various temperature natural zones of on the earth - in Europe, Asia, America, Africa. It bears fruit in Europe from the end of April in December, the most mass fruiting occars on September - October.

The group of Veshenka includes:

• HyamЛzygus ulmarius.
• HyamЛzygus tessulatus (H. marmoreus).
• Pfeurotus citrinopileatus ( P. cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus).
• Pleurotus cornucopiae.
• Pleurotus cystidiosus (P. abalonus, P. smithii).
• Pleurotus djamor (P. flahellatus, P. salmoneo-stramineus).
• Pleurotus dryinus .*
• Pleurotus eryngii.
• Pleurotus euosmus.
• Pleurotus ostreatus.
• Pleurotus pulmonarius ( "sajor-caju").
• Tricholoma giganteum .

Veshenka Ordinary is a rather large eatable mushroom. Its cap is 5-15 cm in the diameter, smooth, naked, when growing in damp conditions frequently has white mycelium bloom, it is wrong - round, dark - brown, dark - grey, bluish - black, grey, brown, sometimes with a grey or violet shade. Gimenofor is lamelate going down. The plates are white or whitish more or less closely packed. Stem is tough, it is usually 2-4 cm long and up to three cm in the diameter, cylindrical, lateral or eccentric, from white up to grayish, smoth or fibrous and sometimes without it. Pule is white, juicy, with age fibrous with a smell of dampening flour.

The mushroom forms unions up to 30 colonies. It spawn has growth and high speed of decomposition of vegetative substratum that promotes to utilisate industrial waste. For various phases of life cycle of Veshenka Ordinary various optimum temperature is necessary, for growth mycelium +25 - +28; for formation and growth of the mushroom's bodies s0-called "wnter stamms" - +12 - +14⁰C; summer stamms - +18 - +20⁰C is necessary. At temperature above +35⁰C and below +5⁰ the growth of mycelium stops.

The mushroom is related to light-demanding kinds, requires a plently of air, especially in the time of fruiting, and high relativ humidity of it (80%). The optimum meaning of pH of substratum for growth and development Veshenka Ordinary is 5,5 - 6,5.

Having the ability to destroy during growth and development the lignono-cellulose complex, Veshenka Ordinary gives high crops on wood and other vegetative substratum, frequently being inustrial and agricultural wastes. On volume of industrial manufacturing the mushrooms of a sort of Veshenka occupy the second place in Europe after field mushroom

The advantages of cultivating process of Veshenka in a comparison with a champignon consist of the following: Possibility of using as an organic substratum industrial and agricultural cellulose- and lignine- substance wates. More short production cycle (9-10 weeks). Relative simplicity of preparation of an organic substratum. Lower level lumpsum and working costs. The use in technology the equipment, which issues serially by a domestic industry. Absence of gas ejections and liquid wastes of production polluting an environment. Full waste utilization of mushroom production with use them as the valuable fodder component in animal industries (from the sanction of a veterinary service), for production Biogumus, as an effective biological method of a guard of soil, and also as fertilizer.

Veshenka Ordinary is cultivated on extensive or heavily technology. The extensive technology is subdivided on plantationive, tranchif and trunkive method mushroom's cultivating. The extensive technology provides cultivation of mushrooms on an open air with the minimum costs and does not demand any of the special equipment and competent experts. The heavily technology provides use specially prepared locations, source of steam and special equipment. The efficiency of heavily technology in 5-6 times above than extensive, but demands high qualification of the workers.